Group 1 · Sheepdogs & cattle dogs
Belgian Shepherd Dog (Laekenois)
The Belgian Shepherd Dog varieties are intelligent, sensitive working dogs that differ only in coat and are all keen to do things with their owner. Given enough exercise and training, they make loyal, alert and very eager-to-learn companions.
Health
These examinations come from the official breeding programme for the breed Belgische Herdershond - Groenendaeler Belgische Herdershond - Laekense Herder Belgische Herdershond - Mechelaar Belgische Herdershond - Tervuerense Herder by Dierenwelzijn Vlaanderen (Animal Welfare Flanders). They apply to the puppies’ parents.
In short
Both parents must have 7 examinations:
- 5 DNA tests
- 2 X-ray examinations
A sample for DNA tests can be taken either with a mouth swab or by a blood sample. To carry out the examinations, the breeder uses a vet or a laboratory. For each examination below, you can see from what age and how often it must be done. Ask the breeder for the results of both parent dogs.
Mandatory examinations (7)
-
Cerebellar ataxia (CA)
DNA test once from birth
Official description
- Method
- DNA test
- Gene variant (for the laboratory)
- SELENOP: c.-6582_*516del
- Inheritance
- autosomal recessive
-
Cardiomyopathy and juvenile mortality (CJM)
DNA test once from birth
Official description
- Method
- DNA test
- Gene variant (for the laboratory)
- YARS2: c.1054G>A
- Inheritance
- autosomal recessive
-
Degenerative myelopathy (DM)
DNA test once from birth
Official description
- Method
- DNA test
- Gene variant (for the laboratory)
- SOD1: c.118G>A
- Inheritance
- autosomal recessive
-
Elbow dysplasia
X-ray once at least 1 year
Official description
- Method
- X-ray (CT may be recommended, but is not mandatory)
-
Hip dysplasia
X-ray once at least 1 year (laxity views: at least 6 months)
Official description
- Method
- X-ray: VD view and laxity view (Vezzoni or PennHIP)
-
Spongy degeneration with cerebellar ataxia 1 (SCDA1)
DNA test once from birth
Official description
- Method
- DNA test
- Gene variant (for the laboratory)
- KCNJ10: c.986T>C
- Inheritance
- autosomal recessive
-
Spongy degeneration with cerebellar ataxia 2 (SCDA2)
DNA test once from birth
Official description
- Method
- DNA test
- Gene variant (for the laboratory)
- ATP1B2: c.130_131ins[LT796559.1:g.50_276
- Inheritance
- autosomal recessive
The breeding programme also contains the breeding advice for each examination and general rules on inbreeding, the number of matings per stud dog and the use of frozen semen. You can find these in the official document.
Source: breeding programme Belgische Herdershond - Groenendaeler Belgische Herdershond - Laekense Herder Belgische Herdershond - Mechelaar Belgische Herdershond - Tervuerense Herder, Dierenwelzijn Vlaanderen, last updated on 12/05/2025.
View the official breeding programme (PDF, in Dutch)
A breeding programme reduces the risk of hereditary conditions, but does not offer a 100% health guarantee.
Translation of the Dutch breeding programme by Puppymakelaar. In case of any difference, the official document prevails.
This breed profile is not a breed sheet within the meaning of the Flemish Breeding Decree (Fokkerijbesluit). The legal rules for breeding this breed are set out in the official breeding programme.
Considerations when buying
According to the breeding programme approved by Dierenwelzijn Vlaanderen, these examinations must be carried out on both parent dogs: Cerebellar ataxia (CA), Cardiomyopathy and juvenile mortality (CJM), Degenerative myelopathy (DM), Elbow dysplasia, Hip dysplasia, Spongy degeneration with cerebellar ataxia 1 (SCDA1) and Spongy degeneration with cerebellar ataxia 2 (SCDA2). A puppy with a Flemish pedigree comes from parent dogs bred according to this breeding programme. Ask for the results of both parent dogs and compare them with the overview above. A Belgian Shepherd Dog (Laekenois) needs physical exercise and mental challenge every day, for example through tracking, obedience or dog sports. Its rough coat needs a weekly brush and the occasional hand-strip.
Questions for the breeder
- Have both parent dogs undergone all the mandatory examinations in the breeding programme, and may I see the results?
- What are the results of both parent dogs for Elbow dysplasia and Hip dysplasia?
- Will the puppy receive a Flemish pedigree from a recognised breed registry association?
- How are the puppies socialised before they go to their new home?
Breed-specific challenges
This Belgian Shepherd is clever, sensitive and very focused on its owner. Without enough work and structure it can become restless. It belongs with someone who enjoys training with it every day and puts a lot into socialisation.
More background
General guides that help you understand this breed information and choose well.
